• Open systems Interconnect is a protocol model in which information can be transferred between the network.

    TCP (Transmission Control Protocol):

    -Reliable Delivery: TCP makes sure that data sent between devices arrives safely and in the right order.

  • Connection Setup: Before sending data, TCP sets up a connection between devices.

  • Checks and Corrections: It double-checks to confirm data is sent and received correctly. If anything gets lost, it sends it again.

  • Efficiency: It controls how fast data moves so that a fast sender doesn’t overwhelm a slow receiver.

TCP guarantees the safe and ordered delivery of data, similar to a registered mail service. It’s often used for applications like web browsing, email, file transfer, and etc.

-Overtime as computers became smaller, the users, or the people that are using the computers, want to send information across computers for various purposes

  • A packet in networking is the idea that data is sent across a network in order to help “deliver” it. Each packet has a source (where it came from) and a destination (where it is going)

-ARPANET: One of the first net

  • A computer sytem is a group of computing devices and programs working together for a joint purpose

  • A computer network is a group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data

  • Packet Switching: When a file is broken up into packets and sent in any order. The packets are reassembled by the recipient’s device

  • Routing is the pocess of finding a path form sender to reciver

  • A path is a sequence of directly connected computing devices that begins at the sneder and ends at the reciver

  • bandwidth: The speed at which data is sent on a compter network; measured in bits per second